Reported Speech (English Language) SMA Kelas X & XI

REPORTED SPEECH

(DIRECT & INDIRECT)

I.            STATEMENT :

A.    If the reported speech in : Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect or Present Future => there is NO changes in Tenses

Example :

Ali says : “I am a student.”                     (Direct Speech)

Ali says that he is a student.       (Indirect Speech)

He has said :”I have taken a bath.”          (Direct Speech)

He has said that he has taken a bath.     (Indirect Speech)

B.     If the reported speech in : Simple past, Past Perfect or Past Future => there are Changes in Personal Pronoun, tenses, adverb of time.

Changes in Personal Pronoun :

I           =>              He or She

We       =>                   They

     =>You                     Me, she, he, they

My       =>                   His, her

     =>Our                     My, her, his, their

Changes in Tenses :

Present Simple                 =>                                      Past Simple                                        

Present Contionuous        =>                                  Past Continuous

Present Future                  =>                                      Past Future

Present Perfect                 =>                                      Past Perfect

Simple Past                      =>                                      Past Perfect

Past Continuous               =>                              Past Perfect Continuous

Past Future Continuous    =>                                Past Future Perfect

Changes in Adverbial of Time :

 Now                   =>                        Then                           

   =>Yesterday                                The day before

   =>Last Night                               The night before

   =>Two days ago                          Two days before

   =>Today                                      That day

 =>Tomorrow                               The following day / The next day

 =>Next Week                              The following week

 =>Here                                        There

 =>This                                         That

 =>These                                       Those

 =>Can                                          Could

 =>Will                                         Would

 =>Shall                                        Should

 =>Must                                        Had to

 =>May                                         Might

II.            IMPERATIVE, REQUEST, COMMAND

He said :” write clearly.”              (Direct Speech)

He told me to write clearly          (Indirect Speech)

The teacher said:”don’t cheat during the test.”   (Direct Speech)

The teacher told us not to cheat during the test. (Indirect Speech)

III.            INTERROGATIVE / QUESTION

A.    The question starts with 5 W + 1 H => What, Who, When, Where, Whom, How

Example :

He said :”Why do you love me ?”           (Direct Speech)

He asked her why she loved him.           (Indirect Speech)

Mother said :”Where did you go yesterday ?”                (Direct Speech)

Mother asked me where I had gone the day before.    (Indirect Speech)

B.     Question starts with auxiliary verbs such as : do, does, is, are, did, will etc.

Example :

She asked him :”Do you love me ?”        (Direct Speech)

She asked him if/whether he loved her. (Indirect Speech)

She said :”Are you hungry ?”                  (Direct Speech)

She asked me if/whether I was hungry. (Indirect Speech)

He asked me :”Was he your teacher in High School ?”                          (Direct Speech)

He asked me if/whether he had been my teacher in High School.        (Indirect Speech)

Jika dari kalian yang ingin download post ini. Silakan klik link di bawah ini :

Reported Speech (Word)

Reported Speech (PDF)